Biogas power generation technology

    Renewable energy is an important energy source for China to achieve sustainable development. Among them, biogas power generation is an important way to utilize renewable energy. The rational and effective use of this new energy can bring great help to the development of rural areas and agriculture in my country.

Combining many advantages in one

Biogas is a flammable gas produced by the fermentation and decomposition of various organic substances under certain temperature, humidity, pH and air isolation conditions. It is named because it was first discovered in swamps. The main components of biogas are methane (CH4), in addition to carbon dioxide (about 30% to 40%). It is colorless, odorless, non-toxic, with a density of about 55% of air, insoluble in water, flammable, and the calorific value of 1 meter of biogas is 35857 kilojoules.

Biogas technology is a technology that uses biochemical methods to treat poultry and livestock manure and industrial organic wastewater. Due to its low cost and good treatment effect, it has been widely used in practice. However, simply using biogas for centralized gas and heating has limited coverage and low reliability. Using biogas as a power generation fuel to generate electricity locally, the power generation can be flexibly adjusted with the change of biogas production, so that biogas can be fully utilized.

Biogas power generation technology is a new energy comprehensive utilization technology that integrates environmental protection and energy saving. It uses a large amount of organic waste (such as wine lees, livestock manure, urban garbage and sewage, etc.) in industry, agriculture or urban life. The biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation treatment drives the biogas generator set to generate electricity, and the waste heat of the generator set can be fully used for biogas production, so that the comprehensive thermal efficiency reaches about 80%, which is much higher than the general power generation efficiency of 30%~40%, and the economic benefits are significant.

Biogas power generation technology itself provides clean energy, which not only solves the environmental problems in biogas projects, consumes a large amount of waste, protects the environment, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions, but also turns waste into treasure, generates a large amount of heat and electricity, which conforms to the environmental protection concept of energy recycling, and also brings huge economic benefits.

The technology has matured

Biogas power generation is a systematic project, which includes the optimized combination of multiple unit technologies such as biogas production, biogas purification and storage, biogas power generation and access to the grid. Biogas power generation began in the early 1970s. In foreign countries, it was to reasonably and efficiently utilize the biogas produced in the treatment of organic waste pollution. The research and application of biogas power generation in my country also has a long history. Since the biogas used at the beginning was mostly produced by anaerobic fermentation of organic waste such as plants and manure in rural areas in biogas tanks, although the biogas area is wide and the amount is large, the gas production is small, the engine power is also small, and the production of biogas is often affected by the climate. The composition, calorific value and gas production of biogas are not stable. In recent years, with the construction of large and medium-sized biogas projects in agricultural, animal husbandry and poultry farms in various places, some engine factories have successively modified and produced high-power biogas engines, and applied them to large and medium-sized biogas power generation projects in some areas.

The power specifications of mature domestic biogas generator sets are mainly concentrated in the range of 24 to 600kW. Judging from the gas production of biogas projects, many biogas projects are suitable for the construction of biogas generators with a capacity of more than 500kW. Judging from the gas production of biogas projects and the nature of power load, generators below 20kW also have a large market. For example, a biogas project in a 10,000-head pig farm produces 80m3 of biogas per day, which is obviously not suitable for power generation and grid connection, but only suitable for internal power consumption. Its biogas power is generally used to drive biogas project sewage pumps and pig farm ventilators, lighting, etc., so it is suitable to be equipped with a generator set of about 10kW. There are many similar biogas projects, which shows that the demand for small-power biogas generators is also very large.

Reposted from China Biogas Network