Biogas power generation technology

Renewable energy is an important source of sustainable development in China. Biogas power generation is an important way to use renewable energy. Reasonable and effective use of this new energy can bring great help to China's rural and agricultural development.

Set a lot of advantages in one body

Biogas is a kind of flammable gas produced by microbial fermentation under the conditions of certain temperature, humidity, pH and isolation of air. It is named after the earliest discovery in the swamp. The main component of biogas is methane (CH4), in addition to carbon dioxide (about 30% to 40%). It is colorless, odorless, non-toxic, and has a density of about 55% of air. It is hardly soluble in water and flammable. The calorific value of 1 meter of biogas is 35,857 kilojoules.

Biogas technology is a technology that uses biochemical methods to treat livestock manure and industrial organic wastewater. Due to its low cost and good processing effect, it has been widely used in practice. However, purely using biogas for centralized gas supply and heat supply, with limited coverage and low reliability, and using biogas as a power generation fuel to generate electricity locally, the power generation can be flexibly adjusted with the change of biogas production, and the biogas can be fully utilized. .

Biogas power generation technology is a new energy comprehensive utilization technology that integrates environmental protection and energy conservation. It is the use of a large amount of organic waste (such as distiller's grains, poultry manure, municipal waste and sewage) in industrial, agricultural or urban life, biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation, driving biogas generators to generate electricity, and fully The waste heat of the generator set is used for biogas production, so that the comprehensive thermal efficiency is about 80%, which is much higher than the general power generation efficiency of 30%~40%, and the economic benefits are remarkable.

Biogas power generation technology itself provides clean energy, which not only solves environmental problems in biogas projects, consumes a large amount of waste, protects the environment, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, but also turns waste into treasure, generating a large amount of heat and electricity. In line with the environmental protection concept of energy recycling, it also brings huge economic benefits.

Technology has matured

Biogas power generation is a systematic project that includes an optimized combination of multiple unit technologies such as biogas production, biogas purification and storage, biogas power generation, and access to the Internet. Biogas power generation began in the early 1970s. Foreign countries are used to rationally and efficiently use the biogas generated in the treatment of organic waste pollution. The research and application of biogas power generation in China has also been for many years. Most of the biogas started to be used in rural areas is produced by anaerobic fermentation of organic waste such as plants and manure in biogas digesters. Although the biogas has a wide and large amount of ground, it produces The gas volume is small, the engine power is also small, and the generation of biogas is often affected by the climate, and the composition, calorific value and gas production of the biogas are unstable. In recent years, with the construction of large and medium-sized biogas projects in various farming, animal husbandry and poultry farms, some engine factories have successively modified and produced biogas engines with higher power and applied them to large and medium-sized biogas power generation projects in some areas.

The power specifications of the mature domestic biogas generator sets are mainly concentrated in the section of 24-600 kW. From the perspective of gas production from biogas projects, many biogas projects are suitable for the construction of biogas generators of more than 500 kW. From the gas production of biogas projects and the nature of electricity load, there are also many markets for generator sets below 20 kW. For example, a 10,000-head pig farm biogas project, with a daily output of 80 m3 of biogas, is obviously not suitable for power generation, and is only suitable for internal electricity use. Its biogas use is generally used to drive biogas engineering sewage pumps and pig farm fans, lighting, etc., so it is better to equip a generator set of about 10kW. There are many similar biogas projects, and it can be seen that the demand for small-power biogas generator sets is also large.

Transferred from China Biogas Network